| Metabacillus litoralis |
Taxonomy
Morphology
Cultural characteristics
Biochemical characters
Ecology
Pathogenicity
References
Phylum Bacillota (Firmicutes), Class Bacilli, Order Caryophanales, Family Bacillaceae, Genus Metabacillus, Metabacillus litoralis
(Yoon and Oh 2005) Patel and Gupta 2020.
Old synonym: Bacillus litoralis Yoon and Oh 2005.
(Yoon and Oh 2005) Patel and Gupta 2020.
Old synonym: Bacillus litoralis Yoon and Oh 2005.
Gram-variable rods, 0.8-1.0 x 2.5-4.5 µm. Motile by peritrichous flagella. Produce
central, subterminal or terminal, ellipsoidal endospores in swollen sporangia.
central, subterminal or terminal, ellipsoidal endospores in swollen sporangia.
Colonies grown on MA are circular to slightly irregular, smooth, slightly raised, yellowish
white in colour and 2-3 mm in diameter after 2 days of incubation at 37 ºC; colony colour
becomes dark from the centre as cultures age. Growth occurs at 4-45 ºC (optimally at
37 ºC), at pH 5.5 or higher (optimally at pH 7.5) and in 1-11% (w/v) NaCl (optimally in
2-3% NaCl). Aerobic; anaerobic growth does not occur on MA or on MA supplemented
with nitrate.
white in colour and 2-3 mm in diameter after 2 days of incubation at 37 ºC; colony colour
becomes dark from the centre as cultures age. Growth occurs at 4-45 ºC (optimally at
37 ºC), at pH 5.5 or higher (optimally at pH 7.5) and in 1-11% (w/v) NaCl (optimally in
2-3% NaCl). Aerobic; anaerobic growth does not occur on MA or on MA supplemented
with nitrate.
Isolated from a tidal flat near Daepo beach of the Yellow Sea in Korea.
Undetermined.
- Yoon JH, Oh TK. Bacillus litoralis sp. nov., isolated from a tidal flat of the Yellow Sea in Korea. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2005; 55:
1945-1948. - Patel S, Gupta RS. A phylogenomic and comparative genomic framework for resolving the polyphyly of the genus Bacillus:
Proposal for six new genera of Bacillus species, Peribacillus gen. nov., Cytobacillus gen. nov., Mesobacillus gen. nov.,
Neobacillus gen. nov., Metabacillus gen. nov. and Alkalihalobacillus gen. nov. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2020; 70:406-438. - Shi R, Yin M, Tang SK, Lee JC, Park DJ, Zhang YJ, Kim CJ, Li WJ. Bacillus luteolus sp. nov., a halotolerant bacterium isolated from
a salt field. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2011; 61:1344-1349.
Positive results for acid and alkaline phosphatase, catalase, caseinase, cystine arylamidase, aesculin hydrolysis, esterase (C4),
esterase lipase (C8), naphthol-AS-BI-phosphohydrolase, Tween 40 and 60 hydrolysis, acid production from: N-acetylglucosamine,
amygdalin, L-arabinose, D-cellobiose, D-fructose, D-galactose, D-glucose, glycogen, glycerol, D-mannitol, D-melezitose, melibiose,
D-raffinose, D-ribose, salicin, starch, sucrose, turanose, D-trehalose and D-xylose.
Can utilize as sole carbon source: L-arabinose, D-fructose, D-glucose, D-trehalose, D-xylose, lactose, acetate and L-malate.
Negative results for arginine dihydrolase, cellulase, chitinase, alpha-fucosidase, alpha- and beta-galactosidase, beta-glucuronidase,
alpha-glucosidase, N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase, H2S production, indole production, lysine decarboxylase, lipase (C14), leucine
arylamidase, alpha-mannosidase, ornithine decarboxylase, oxidase, starch hydrolysis, tryptophan deaminase, tyrosine hydrolysis,
Tween 20 hydrolysis, urease, hypoxanthine hydrolysis, valine arylamidase, xanthine hydrolysis, acid production from: adonitol,
D-arabinose, D- and L-arabitol, arbutin, dulcitol, erythritol, D- and L-fucose, gluconate, myo-inositol, inulin, 2- and 5-ketogluconate,
D-mannose, methyl alpha-D-mannopyranoside, D-sorbitol, L-sorbose, D-tagatose, xylitol, L-xylose and methyl
beta-D-xylopyranoside, .
No utilization of: benzoate, citrate, formate, succinate and L-glutamate.
Variable results for alpha-chymotrypsin, trypsin, beta-glucosidase, acid production from: maltose and L-rhamnose.
esterase lipase (C8), naphthol-AS-BI-phosphohydrolase, Tween 40 and 60 hydrolysis, acid production from: N-acetylglucosamine,
amygdalin, L-arabinose, D-cellobiose, D-fructose, D-galactose, D-glucose, glycogen, glycerol, D-mannitol, D-melezitose, melibiose,
D-raffinose, D-ribose, salicin, starch, sucrose, turanose, D-trehalose and D-xylose.
Can utilize as sole carbon source: L-arabinose, D-fructose, D-glucose, D-trehalose, D-xylose, lactose, acetate and L-malate.
Negative results for arginine dihydrolase, cellulase, chitinase, alpha-fucosidase, alpha- and beta-galactosidase, beta-glucuronidase,
alpha-glucosidase, N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase, H2S production, indole production, lysine decarboxylase, lipase (C14), leucine
arylamidase, alpha-mannosidase, ornithine decarboxylase, oxidase, starch hydrolysis, tryptophan deaminase, tyrosine hydrolysis,
Tween 20 hydrolysis, urease, hypoxanthine hydrolysis, valine arylamidase, xanthine hydrolysis, acid production from: adonitol,
D-arabinose, D- and L-arabitol, arbutin, dulcitol, erythritol, D- and L-fucose, gluconate, myo-inositol, inulin, 2- and 5-ketogluconate,
D-mannose, methyl alpha-D-mannopyranoside, D-sorbitol, L-sorbose, D-tagatose, xylitol, L-xylose and methyl
beta-D-xylopyranoside, .
No utilization of: benzoate, citrate, formate, succinate and L-glutamate.
Variable results for alpha-chymotrypsin, trypsin, beta-glucosidase, acid production from: maltose and L-rhamnose.
(c) Costin Stoica
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