| Bacillus pseudomycoides |
Taxonomy
Morphology
Cultural characteristics
Biochemical characters
Ecology
Pathogenicity
References
Phylum Bacillota (Firmicutes), Class Bacilli, Order Caryophanales, Family Bacillaceae, Genus Bacillus, Bacillus pseudomycoides
Nakamura 1998.
Phenotypically is very closed to other members of the Bacillus cereus group: Bacillus anthracis, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus mycoides,
Bacillus thuringiensis and Bacillus weihenstephanensis. Genetic evidence supports the recognition of members of the Bacillus cereus
group as one species, but practical considerations (virulence characters) argue against such a move. Bacillus pseudomycoides can
only be separated from Bacillus mycoides by DNA relatedness, some differences in fatty acid composition and lack of glycogen
fermentation (admin note).
Nakamura 1998.
Phenotypically is very closed to other members of the Bacillus cereus group: Bacillus anthracis, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus mycoides,
Bacillus thuringiensis and Bacillus weihenstephanensis. Genetic evidence supports the recognition of members of the Bacillus cereus
group as one species, but practical considerations (virulence characters) argue against such a move. Bacillus pseudomycoides can
only be separated from Bacillus mycoides by DNA relatedness, some differences in fatty acid composition and lack of glycogen
fermentation (admin note).
Gram positive, 1.0 x 3.0-5.0 µm, occurring singly and in short chains. Nonmotile. Cells
grown on glucose agar produce large amounts of storage material, giving a vacuolate
or foamy appearance. Produce paracentral/subterminal, ellipsoidal endospores
(0.5-0.7 x 0.5-1.2 µm) in unswollen sporangia.
grown on glucose agar produce large amounts of storage material, giving a vacuolate
or foamy appearance. Produce paracentral/subterminal, ellipsoidal endospores
(0.5-0.7 x 0.5-1.2 µm) in unswollen sporangia.
Colonies are white to cream, opaque, and usually rhizoid. Growth temperature 15-40
ºC (optimum 28 ºC); pH 5.0-9.5 (optimum pH 8.0). Can grow in 7% NaCl. NaCl,
alantoin or urate are not required for growth. Facultatively anaerobic.
ºC (optimum 28 ºC); pH 5.0-9.5 (optimum pH 8.0). Can grow in 7% NaCl. NaCl,
alantoin or urate are not required for growth. Facultatively anaerobic.
Isolated from soil. Grow in the presence of lysozyme.
Undetermined.
- N.A. Logan and P. De Vos, 2009. Genus I. Bacillus Cohn 1872. In: (Eds.) P.D. Vos, G. Garrity, D. Jones, N.R. Krieg, W. Ludwig, F.A.
Rainey, K.-H. Schleifer, W.B. Whitman. Bergey’s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, Volume 3: The Firmicutes, Springer, 21-127. - L.K. Nakamura, 1998. Bacillus pseudomycoides sp. nov. IJSB 48, 1031-1035.
- Liu Y, Du J, Lai Q, Zeng R, Ye D, Xu J, Shao Z. Proposal of nine novel species of the Bacillus cereus group. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol
2017; 67:2499-2508. - Miller RA, Beno SM, Kent DJ, Carroll LM, Martin NH, Boor KJ, Kovac J. Bacillus wiedmannii sp. nov., a psychrotolerant and cytotoxic
Bacillus cereus group species isolated from dairy foods and dairy environments. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2016; 66:4744-4753.
Positive results for caseinase, catalase, esculin hydrolysis, egg yolk reaction, lecithinase, nitrate reduction, degradation of tyrosine,
Voges-Proskauer reaction and acid producion from: N-acetylglucosamine, arbutin, D-fructose, D-glucose, glycerol (weak), glycogen,
maltose, D-ribose, starch and trehalose.
Negative results for beta-galactosidase, indole production, H2S production, lysine decarboxylase, ornithine decarboxylase, tryptophan
deaminase, urease, acid production from: D-adonitol, amygdalin, D- and L-arabinose, D- and L-arabitol, dulcitol, erythritol, D- and
L-fucose, D-galactose, gentiobiose, gluconate, 2- and 5-ketogluconate, inositol, inulin, lactose, D-lyxose, D-mannose, D-mannitol,
melezitose, melibiose, methyl alpha-D-glucopyranoside, methyl alpha-D-mannopyranoside, L-rhamnose, raffinose, L-sorbose, D-
sorbitol, D-tagatose, turanose, xylitol, methyl beta-D-xylopyranoside, D- and L-xylose.
Variable results for arginine dihydrolase, citrate utilization, gelatinase, oxidase, starch hydrolysis, acid production from: cellobiose,
salicin and sucrose.
Voges-Proskauer reaction and acid producion from: N-acetylglucosamine, arbutin, D-fructose, D-glucose, glycerol (weak), glycogen,
maltose, D-ribose, starch and trehalose.
Negative results for beta-galactosidase, indole production, H2S production, lysine decarboxylase, ornithine decarboxylase, tryptophan
deaminase, urease, acid production from: D-adonitol, amygdalin, D- and L-arabinose, D- and L-arabitol, dulcitol, erythritol, D- and
L-fucose, D-galactose, gentiobiose, gluconate, 2- and 5-ketogluconate, inositol, inulin, lactose, D-lyxose, D-mannose, D-mannitol,
melezitose, melibiose, methyl alpha-D-glucopyranoside, methyl alpha-D-mannopyranoside, L-rhamnose, raffinose, L-sorbose, D-
sorbitol, D-tagatose, turanose, xylitol, methyl beta-D-xylopyranoside, D- and L-xylose.
Variable results for arginine dihydrolase, citrate utilization, gelatinase, oxidase, starch hydrolysis, acid production from: cellobiose,
salicin and sucrose.
(c) Costin Stoica
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