| Bacillus weihenstephanensis |
Taxonomy
Morphology
Cultural characteristics
Biochemical characters
Ecology
Pathogenicity
References
Phylum Bacillota (Firmicutes), Class Bacilli, Order Caryophanales, Family Bacillaceae, Genus Bacillus, Bacillus weihenstephanensis
Lechner, Mayr, Francis, Prus, Kaplan, Wiessner-Gunkel, Stewart and Scherer 1998.
According to Liu et al. (2018), this species is a later heterotypic synonym of B. mycoides.
Phenotypically very closed to other members of the Bacillus cereus group: Bacillus anthracis, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus
mycoides,Bacillus thuringiensis and Bacillus pseudomycoides. Genetic evidence supports the recognition of members of the
Bacillus cereus group as one species, but practical considerations (virulence characters) argue against such a move. Bacillus
weihenstephanensis can be separated from Bacillus cereus group by ability to grow at 7 ºC, inability to grow at 43 ºC, and by certain
16S rDNA signature sequences.
Lechner, Mayr, Francis, Prus, Kaplan, Wiessner-Gunkel, Stewart and Scherer 1998.
According to Liu et al. (2018), this species is a later heterotypic synonym of B. mycoides.
Phenotypically very closed to other members of the Bacillus cereus group: Bacillus anthracis, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus
mycoides,Bacillus thuringiensis and Bacillus pseudomycoides. Genetic evidence supports the recognition of members of the
Bacillus cereus group as one species, but practical considerations (virulence characters) argue against such a move. Bacillus
weihenstephanensis can be separated from Bacillus cereus group by ability to grow at 7 ºC, inability to grow at 43 ºC, and by certain
16S rDNA signature sequences.
Gram-positive rods; cell diameter more than 1.0 µm. Motile. Produce paracentral /
subterminal, ellipsoidal / cylindric endospores in unswollen sporangia. Parasporal
crystals are not produced.
subterminal, ellipsoidal / cylindric endospores in unswollen sporangia. Parasporal
crystals are not produced.
Colonies are not rhizoid. Grows on Plate Count agar and TSB. Grows at 5-40 ºC, at
pH 6-7 and in 0-7% NaCl media. Allantoin or urate are not required. Facultatively
anaerobic.
pH 6-7 and in 0-7% NaCl media. Allantoin or urate are not required. Facultatively
anaerobic.
Isolated from pasteurized milk. Grow in the presence of lysozyme.
Should be grouped within hazard group 2 due to its food poisoning potential.
- N.A. Logan and P. De Vos, 2009. Genus I. Bacillus Cohn 1872. In: (Eds.) P.D. Vos, G. Garrity, D. Jones, N.R. Krieg, W. Ludwig, F.A.
Rainey, K.-H. Schleifer, W.B. Whitman. Bergey’s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, Volume 3: The Firmicutes, Springer, 21-127. - Lechner, R. Mayr, K.P. Francis, B.M. Prüs, T. Kaplan, E. Wiessner-Gunkel, G.S.A.B. Stewart and S. Scherer, 1998. Bacillus
weihenstephanensis sp. nov. is a new psychrotolerant species of the Bacillus cereus group. IJSB 48, 1373-1382. - Liu Y, Lai Q, Shao Z. Genome analysis-based reclassification of Bacillus weihenstephanensis as a later heterotypic synonym of
Bacillus mycoides. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2018; 68:106-112. - Guinebretiere MH, Auger S, Galleron N, Contzen M, De Sarrau B, De Buyser ML, Lamberet G, Fagerlund A, Granum PE, Lereclus
D, et al. Bacillus cytotoxicus sp. nov. is a novel thermotolerant species of the Bacillus cereus Group occasionally associated with
food poisoning. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2013; 63:31-40.
Positive results for catalase, casein hydrolysis, gelatinase, degradation of tyrosine, egg yolk reaction, starch hydrolysis, acid production
from: amygdalin, aesculin, arbutin, cellobiose, sucrose, trehalose, gentiobiose, D-fructose, D-glucose, glycogen, maltose, ribose
(weak) and starch.
Negative results for beta-galactosidase, lysine decarboxylase, ornithine decarboxylase, H2S production, urease, tryptophan
desaminase, indole production, deamination of phenylalanine, acid production from: N-acetylglucosamine, erythritol, glycerol, D- and
L-arabinose, D- and L-xylose, D-adonitol, beta-methylxyloside, dulcitol, inositol, D-mannitol, L-rhamnose, D-sorbitol, L-sorbose,
alpha-methyl-D-mannoside, melibiose, inulin, melezitose, raffinose, xylitol, D-lyxose, D-tagatose, D- and L-fucose, D- and L-arabitol, 2-
and 5-ketogluconate.
Variable results for arginine dihydrolase, citrate utilization, nitrate reduction, Voges-Proskauer reaction, acid production from mannose
and salicin.
from: amygdalin, aesculin, arbutin, cellobiose, sucrose, trehalose, gentiobiose, D-fructose, D-glucose, glycogen, maltose, ribose
(weak) and starch.
Negative results for beta-galactosidase, lysine decarboxylase, ornithine decarboxylase, H2S production, urease, tryptophan
desaminase, indole production, deamination of phenylalanine, acid production from: N-acetylglucosamine, erythritol, glycerol, D- and
L-arabinose, D- and L-xylose, D-adonitol, beta-methylxyloside, dulcitol, inositol, D-mannitol, L-rhamnose, D-sorbitol, L-sorbose,
alpha-methyl-D-mannoside, melibiose, inulin, melezitose, raffinose, xylitol, D-lyxose, D-tagatose, D- and L-fucose, D- and L-arabitol, 2-
and 5-ketogluconate.
Variable results for arginine dihydrolase, citrate utilization, nitrate reduction, Voges-Proskauer reaction, acid production from mannose
and salicin.
(c) Costin Stoica
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