| Clostridium tetanomorphum |
Taxonomy
Morphology
Cultural characteristics
Biochemical characters
Ecology
Pathogenicity
References
Phylum Bacillota (Firmicutes), Class Clostridia, Order Eubacteriales, Family Clostridiaceae, Genus Clostridium, Cluster I
(Clostridium sensu stricto), Clostridium tetanomorphum (ex Bulloch, Bulloch, Douglas,Henry, McIntosh, O’Brien, Robertson and Wolf
1919) Wilde, Hippe, Tosunoglu, Schallehn, Herwig and Gottschalk 1989.
(Clostridium sensu stricto), Clostridium tetanomorphum (ex Bulloch, Bulloch, Douglas,Henry, McIntosh, O’Brien, Robertson and Wolf
1919) Wilde, Hippe, Tosunoglu, Schallehn, Herwig and Gottschalk 1989.
Gram-positive, slender or slightly curved rods, 0.7-1.0 x 3.0-10.0 µm, occuring singly
or in pairs. Motile by peritrichous flagella. Spores are sphaerical/elliptical, terminal or
subterminal, swelling the cell.
or in pairs. Motile by peritrichous flagella. Spores are sphaerical/elliptical, terminal or
subterminal, swelling the cell.
Surface colonies on PY agar are 2-5 mm in diameter, flat, gray, semitranslucent with
glossy surfaces, and irregular margins. Colonies on PYG agar are white, opaque, and
convex, with a mottled internal structure. Swarm on moist agar surfaces. Anaerobic.
Optimum temperature for growth is 37 ºC.
Fermentable carbohydrates stimulate growth. Fermentation products from glucose
are n-butanol, ethanol, acetate, and butyrate. The pH of cultures in glucose media
usually is lowered from 6.9 to 5.0 after 5 days.
glossy surfaces, and irregular margins. Colonies on PYG agar are white, opaque, and
convex, with a mottled internal structure. Swarm on moist agar surfaces. Anaerobic.
Optimum temperature for growth is 37 ºC.
Fermentable carbohydrates stimulate growth. Fermentation products from glucose
are n-butanol, ethanol, acetate, and butyrate. The pH of cultures in glucose media
usually is lowered from 6.9 to 5.0 after 5 days.
Isolated from septic wounds (London, UK , 1920).
Toxin is not produced. Isolated from septic wounds.
- N.A. Logan and P. De Vos, 2009. Genus I. Clostridium Prazmowski 1880. In: (Eds.) P.D. Vos, G. Garrity, D. Jones, N.R. Krieg, W.
Ludwig, F.A. Rainey, K.-H. Schleifer, W.B. Whitman. Bergey’s Manual of Systematic Bacteriology, Volume 3: The Firmicutes,
Springer, 738-828. - Wilde E., Hippe H., Tosunoglu N., Schallehn G., Herwig K., and Gottschalk G., 1989. Clostridium tetanomorphum sp. nov., nom.
rev. IJSB vol.39, no.2, p. 127-134.
Milk reaction and meat digestion are negative.
Positive results for ammonia production, hydrogen production, lipase on tributyrin, substrate utilization and/or acid production from:
glucose and maltose.
Negative results for casein hydrolysis, catalase, gelatin hydrolysis, lecithinase, substrate utilization and/or acid production from:
adonitol, arabinose, galactose, lactose, mannose, rhamnose, sorbose and sucrose.
Variable results for indole production, nitrate reduction, substrate utilization and/or acid production from: cellobiose, fructose, inositol,
glycogen, ribose, salicin, sorbitol and xylose.
Positive results for ammonia production, hydrogen production, lipase on tributyrin, substrate utilization and/or acid production from:
glucose and maltose.
Negative results for casein hydrolysis, catalase, gelatin hydrolysis, lecithinase, substrate utilization and/or acid production from:
adonitol, arabinose, galactose, lactose, mannose, rhamnose, sorbose and sucrose.
Variable results for indole production, nitrate reduction, substrate utilization and/or acid production from: cellobiose, fructose, inositol,
glycogen, ribose, salicin, sorbitol and xylose.
(c) Costin Stoica
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