| Arthrobacter halodurans |
Taxonomy
Morphology
Cultural characteristics
Biochemical characters
Ecology
Pathogenicity
References
Phylum Actinomycetota, Class Actinomycetes, Order Micrococcales, Family Micrococcaceae, Genus Arthrobacter, Arthrobacter
halodurans Chen et al. 2012.
Species description is based on a single isolate.
halodurans Chen et al. 2012.
Species description is based on a single isolate.
Gram-positive cells, showing a rod-coccus cycle. Non-motile. Non-spore-forming.
Colonies on Nutrient Agar are are yellow-pigmented, circular, convex and
non-translucent, with glistening surfaces and entire margins and 1-2 mm in diameter
after incubation at 28 ºC for 3-5 days. Growth occurs at 4-35 ºC (optimally at 25-30 ºC),
at pH 6-9.5 (optimally at pH 7) and in the presence of 0-12 % (w/v) NaCl (optimally in
0% NaCl). Diffusible pigment is not produced. Aerobic.
non-translucent, with glistening surfaces and entire margins and 1-2 mm in diameter
after incubation at 28 ºC for 3-5 days. Growth occurs at 4-35 ºC (optimally at 25-30 ºC),
at pH 6-9.5 (optimally at pH 7) and in the presence of 0-12 % (w/v) NaCl (optimally in
0% NaCl). Diffusible pigment is not produced. Aerobic.
Isolated from a seawater sample collected from a tidal flat of the Naozhou Island on the South China Sea.
Susceptible to ampicillin (30 µg), carbenicillin (30 µg), chloramphenicol (30 µg), kanamycin (30 µg), lincomycin (2 µg), rifampicin (5
µg), streptomycin (10 µg) and tetracycline (30 µg),
Resistant to gentamicin (30 µg), nalidixic acid (20 µg), novobiocin (30 µg) and polymixin B (30 µg).
Susceptible to ampicillin (30 µg), carbenicillin (30 µg), chloramphenicol (30 µg), kanamycin (30 µg), lincomycin (2 µg), rifampicin (5
µg), streptomycin (10 µg) and tetracycline (30 µg),
Resistant to gentamicin (30 µg), nalidixic acid (20 µg), novobiocin (30 µg) and polymixin B (30 µg).
Undetermined.
- Chen YG, Tang SK, Zhang YQ, Li ZY, Yi LB, Wang YX, Li WJ, Cui XL. Arthrobacter halodurans sp. nov., a new halotolerant bacterium
isolated from sea water. Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek 2009; 96:63-70. - Lee SD, Schumann P. Specibacter cremeus gen. nov., sp. nov., a new member of the family Micrococcaceae isolated from a natural
cave. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2019; 69:1767-1774.
Positive results for alkaline phosphatase, catalase, alpha-chymotrypsin, esterase (C4), esterase, lipase (C8), esculin hydrolysis,
gelatin hydrolysis, alpha-glucosidase, leucine arylamidase, nitrate reduction, naphthol-AS-BI-phosphohydrolase, trypsin, Tween 40
and 80 hydrolysis, acid production from D-fructose, D-glucose, maltose, D-mannose, sucrose and turanose (other API 50 CH
substrates are not fermented).
Can oxidize dextrin, D-fructose, D-glucose, maltose, D-mannose, D-ribose, sucrose, turanose, D-xylose, glycerol, propionic acid,
DL-alanine, L-glutamic acid and L-serine (other Biolog GP2 MicroPlates substrates are not oxidized).
Negative results for acid phosphatase, arginine dihydrolase, casein hydrolysis, cystine arylamidase, DNase, alpha-fucosidase,
beta-glucosidase, alpha- and beta-galactosidase, beta-glucuronidase, H2S production, indole production, methyl red test, nitrite
reduction, N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase, lipase (C14), lysine decarboxylase, alpha-mannosidase, ornithine decarboxylase,
oxidase, pyrazinamidase, phenylalanine deaminase, hypoxanthine hydrolysis, starch hydrolysis, Tweens 20 and 60 hydrolysis,
urease, Voges-Proskauer test, and valine arylamidase.
gelatin hydrolysis, alpha-glucosidase, leucine arylamidase, nitrate reduction, naphthol-AS-BI-phosphohydrolase, trypsin, Tween 40
and 80 hydrolysis, acid production from D-fructose, D-glucose, maltose, D-mannose, sucrose and turanose (other API 50 CH
substrates are not fermented).
Can oxidize dextrin, D-fructose, D-glucose, maltose, D-mannose, D-ribose, sucrose, turanose, D-xylose, glycerol, propionic acid,
DL-alanine, L-glutamic acid and L-serine (other Biolog GP2 MicroPlates substrates are not oxidized).
Negative results for acid phosphatase, arginine dihydrolase, casein hydrolysis, cystine arylamidase, DNase, alpha-fucosidase,
beta-glucosidase, alpha- and beta-galactosidase, beta-glucuronidase, H2S production, indole production, methyl red test, nitrite
reduction, N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase, lipase (C14), lysine decarboxylase, alpha-mannosidase, ornithine decarboxylase,
oxidase, pyrazinamidase, phenylalanine deaminase, hypoxanthine hydrolysis, starch hydrolysis, Tweens 20 and 60 hydrolysis,
urease, Voges-Proskauer test, and valine arylamidase.
(c) Costin Stoica
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