| Pseudomonas haemolytica |
Taxonomy
Morphology
Cultural characteristics
Biochemical characters
Ecology
Pathogenicity
References
Phylum Pseudomonadota (Proteobacteria), Class Gammaproteobacteria, Order Pseudomonadales, Family Pseudomonadaceae,
Genus Pseudomonas, Pseudomonas haemolytica Hofmann et al. 2020.
Genus Pseudomonas, Pseudomonas haemolytica Hofmann et al. 2020.
Gram-negative rods, 0.6-1.2 x 1.5-3.2 µm. Motile. Non-spore-forming.
Colonies are smooth, beige, glossy and round with a diameter of 1 mm after 24 h
incubation at 30 ºC on TSA. Beta-haemolytic 5% sheep blood agar. Grows on
cetrimide agar and R2A agar, but not under anaerobic conditions. Fluorescent
pigments are produced on King B agar, but no pigments are visible on King A agar.
Grows at 4 ºC-37 ºC (not tested below 4 ºC), optimally at 29-31 ºC, at pH 5.5-8.0
(optimal pH 6.5-7.5) and in up to 7.0% NaCl (w/v), optimally in 0.5-1.0% NaCl).
incubation at 30 ºC on TSA. Beta-haemolytic 5% sheep blood agar. Grows on
cetrimide agar and R2A agar, but not under anaerobic conditions. Fluorescent
pigments are produced on King B agar, but no pigments are visible on King A agar.
Grows at 4 ºC-37 ºC (not tested below 4 ºC), optimally at 29-31 ºC, at pH 5.5-8.0
(optimal pH 6.5-7.5) and in up to 7.0% NaCl (w/v), optimally in 0.5-1.0% NaCl).
Isolated from rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss), cow raw milk and skimmed milk concentrate.
Susceptible to O/129 vibriostatic agent.
Susceptible to O/129 vibriostatic agent.
Isolated from seemingly healthy, symptomatic or moribund rainbow trout of all sizes, from fry to broodstock.
- Hofmann K, Huptas C, Doll EV, Scherer S, Wenning M. Pseudomonas haemolytica sp. nov., isolated from raw milk and skimmed
milk concentrate. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2020; 70:2339-2347. - Saticioglu, I. B., Mulet, M., Duman, M., Altun, S., Gomila, M., Lalucat, J., & Garcia-Valdes, E. (2022). First occurrence and whole-
genome comparison of Pseudomonas haemolytica isolated in farmed rainbow trout. Aquaculture Research, 53, 4472–4486. https:
//doi.org/10.1111/are.15944.
Positive results for catalase, citrate utilization, gelatin hydrolysis, oxidase, proteolysis of skimmed milk, acid production from: from
D-adonitol, D- and L-arabinose, D- and L-arabitol, cellobiose, erythritol, D-fructose, D-fucose, D-galactose, D-glucose,
glycerol,gentiobiose, inositol, lactose, D-lyxose, D-mannose, D-mannitol, melibiose, D-ribose, L-rhamnose, D-sorbitol, trehalose,
xylitol and D-xylose.
Can assimilate: caprate, citrate, gluconate, D-glucose, L-arabinose, malate, mannose and mannitol.
Negative results for aesculin hydrolysis, beta-galactosidase, alpha- and beta-glucosidase, beta-glucuronidase,
gamma-glutamyl-transferase, lipase, nitrate reduction, denitrification, H2S production, lysine decarboxylase, ornithine decarboxylase,
phosphatase, starch hydrolysis, tyrosine, urease, Voges-Proskauer reaction, acid production from: N-acetylglucosamine, amygdalin,
arbutin, dulcitol, L-fucose, methyl alpha-D-glucoside, glycogen, inulin, maltose, methyl alpha-D-mannoside, melezitose,
potassium-gluconate, raffinose, L-sorbose, salicin, sucrose, turanose, D-tagatose, L-xylose and methyl beta-D-xylopyranose.
No assimilation of adipate, L-histidine, L-lactate, maltose and phenylacetate.
No oxidation of: L-arabitol, D-cellobiose, 5-ketogluconate, malonate, D-sorbitol, sucrose, D-tagatose and D-trehalose.
Variable results for arginine dihydrolase, indole production and assimilation of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine.
D-adonitol, D- and L-arabinose, D- and L-arabitol, cellobiose, erythritol, D-fructose, D-fucose, D-galactose, D-glucose,
glycerol,gentiobiose, inositol, lactose, D-lyxose, D-mannose, D-mannitol, melibiose, D-ribose, L-rhamnose, D-sorbitol, trehalose,
xylitol and D-xylose.
Can assimilate: caprate, citrate, gluconate, D-glucose, L-arabinose, malate, mannose and mannitol.
Negative results for aesculin hydrolysis, beta-galactosidase, alpha- and beta-glucosidase, beta-glucuronidase,
gamma-glutamyl-transferase, lipase, nitrate reduction, denitrification, H2S production, lysine decarboxylase, ornithine decarboxylase,
phosphatase, starch hydrolysis, tyrosine, urease, Voges-Proskauer reaction, acid production from: N-acetylglucosamine, amygdalin,
arbutin, dulcitol, L-fucose, methyl alpha-D-glucoside, glycogen, inulin, maltose, methyl alpha-D-mannoside, melezitose,
potassium-gluconate, raffinose, L-sorbose, salicin, sucrose, turanose, D-tagatose, L-xylose and methyl beta-D-xylopyranose.
No assimilation of adipate, L-histidine, L-lactate, maltose and phenylacetate.
No oxidation of: L-arabitol, D-cellobiose, 5-ketogluconate, malonate, D-sorbitol, sucrose, D-tagatose and D-trehalose.
Variable results for arginine dihydrolase, indole production and assimilation of N-acetyl-D-glucosamine.
(c) Costin Stoica
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