| Pseudomonas taetrolens / graveolens |
Taxonomy
Morphology
Cultural characteristics
Biochemical characters
Ecology
Pathogenicity
References
Phylum Pseudomonadota (Proteobacteria), Class Gammaproteobacteria, Order Pseudomonadales, Family Pseudomonadaceae,
Genus Pseudomonas, Pseudomonas taetrolens Haynes 1957.
Historical synonym: Pseudomonas graveolens Levine and Anderson, 1932.
Genus Pseudomonas, Pseudomonas taetrolens Haynes 1957.
Historical synonym: Pseudomonas graveolens Levine and Anderson, 1932.
Gram negative, non-sporogenous, short rods with rounded ends, occurring
singly, in pairs and in short chains. Motile (Levine and Anderson). One to five polar
flagella (Haynes).
singly, in pairs and in short chains. Motile (Levine and Anderson). One to five polar
flagella (Haynes).
Colonies are circular, slightly raised, smooth, entire, amorphous internal structure.
Agar slant: Growth abundant and tancolored; medium darkened. Broth: Turbid; thin,
oily pellicle and sediment. A strong musty odor develops in media in which this
organism grows. Aerobic. Optimum temperature, between 23 and 25 ºC. Scant
growth at 33 and 10 ºC. No growth at 4 or 41 ºC. Media: Trypticase Soy Agar ± 5%
sheep blood, King medium A and B. Non-haemolytic.
Agar slant: Growth abundant and tancolored; medium darkened. Broth: Turbid; thin,
oily pellicle and sediment. A strong musty odor develops in media in which this
organism grows. Aerobic. Optimum temperature, between 23 and 25 ºC. Scant
growth at 33 and 10 ºC. No growth at 4 or 41 ºC. Media: Trypticase Soy Agar ± 5%
sheep blood, King medium A and B. Non-haemolytic.
Isolated from musty eggs, milk and various foods that have a musty odor; presumably widely distributed.
Unknown. Food spoilage germs.
- Haynes (W.C.): Genus I. Pseudomonas Migula 1894. In: R.S. BREED, E.G.D. MURRAY and N.R. SMITH (eds): Bergey's Manual of
Determinative Bacteriology, 7th edition, The Williams & Wilkins Co, Baltimore, 1957, pp. 89-152. - Levine M, Anderson DQ. Two new species of bacteria causing mustiness in eggs. J. Bacteriol. 23: 337-347, 1932.
- Carrion O, Minana-Galbis D, Montes MJ, Mercade E. Pseudomonas deceptionensis sp. nov., a psychrotolerant bacterium from the
Antarctic. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2011; 61:2401-2405. - von Neubeck M, Huptas C, Gluck C, Krewinkel M, Stoeckel M, Stressler T, Fischer L, Hinrichs J, Scherer S, Wenning M.
Pseudomonas helleri sp. nov. and Pseudomonas weihenstephanensis sp. nov., isolated from raw cow's milk. Int J Syst Evol
Microbiol 2016; 66:1163-1173. - Lick S, Wibberg D, Winkler A, Blom J, Grimmler C, Goesmann A, Kalinowski J, Krockel L. Pseudomonas paraversuta sp. nov.
isolated from refrigerated dry-aged beef. Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2021; 71:4822.
Positive results for catalase, hidrogen sulfide production, Voges-Proskauer reaction, acid production from: glucose, lactose,
galactose, mannose, fructose, rhamnose, xylose, glycerol and mannitol. Milk is reduced and coagulated in 2 weeks with an acid ring
on the surface.
Can utilize as sole carbon source: acetic acid, D- and L-arabinose, D- and L-Xylose, D-galactose, D-mannose, inositol, D-mannitol,
D-sorbitol, L-fucose, D-arabitol, fructose, glucose, gluconate, glycerol, ribose, histidine, D-mannose, lactic acid, uric acid and citric
acid.
Negative results for gelatin hydrolysis, indole production, nitrate reduction to nitrite, starch hydrolysis, acid production from: aesculin,
amygdalin, arabitol, dextrin, dulcitol, glycogen, inulin, maltose, melizitose, pectin, raffinose, salicin, sorbitol, starch, sucrose, xylan,
arabinose, erythritol and trehalose.
Cannot utilize as sole carbon source: D-sorbitol, N-acetylglucosamine, melibiose, sucrose, trehalose, raffinose, D-lyxose, erythritol,
acetic acid, oxalic acid, sulphanilic acid, tartaric acid, salicylic acid, formic acid, amygdalin, arbutin, D-adonitol, cellobiose,D-fucose,
lactose, maltose, melezitose, D-tagatose, turanose, dulcitol, gentiobiose, glycogen, L-arabitol, L-rhamnose, L-sorbose, methyl
alpha-D-glucoside, methyl alpha-D-mannoside, methyl beta-D-xylopyranoside, salicin and xylitol.
Variable results for acid phosphatase.
galactose, mannose, fructose, rhamnose, xylose, glycerol and mannitol. Milk is reduced and coagulated in 2 weeks with an acid ring
on the surface.
Can utilize as sole carbon source: acetic acid, D- and L-arabinose, D- and L-Xylose, D-galactose, D-mannose, inositol, D-mannitol,
D-sorbitol, L-fucose, D-arabitol, fructose, glucose, gluconate, glycerol, ribose, histidine, D-mannose, lactic acid, uric acid and citric
acid.
Negative results for gelatin hydrolysis, indole production, nitrate reduction to nitrite, starch hydrolysis, acid production from: aesculin,
amygdalin, arabitol, dextrin, dulcitol, glycogen, inulin, maltose, melizitose, pectin, raffinose, salicin, sorbitol, starch, sucrose, xylan,
arabinose, erythritol and trehalose.
Cannot utilize as sole carbon source: D-sorbitol, N-acetylglucosamine, melibiose, sucrose, trehalose, raffinose, D-lyxose, erythritol,
acetic acid, oxalic acid, sulphanilic acid, tartaric acid, salicylic acid, formic acid, amygdalin, arbutin, D-adonitol, cellobiose,D-fucose,
lactose, maltose, melezitose, D-tagatose, turanose, dulcitol, gentiobiose, glycogen, L-arabitol, L-rhamnose, L-sorbose, methyl
alpha-D-glucoside, methyl alpha-D-mannoside, methyl beta-D-xylopyranoside, salicin and xylitol.
Variable results for acid phosphatase.
(c) Costin Stoica
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